溧阳市生物多样性评价

为溧阳市生物多样性的保护与利用提供依据,以溧阳市生物物种资源普查成果报告和溧阳天目湖森林公园植物资源调查报告为本底数据,采用综合指标体系评价方法对溧阳市生物多样性进行评价。结果表明:溧阳市生物多样性的综合评分为75分,其中物种多样性评分为35分,生态系统多样性评分为40分。溧阳市生物多样性评价结果等级为一般。     

Direct impacts of recent climate warming on insect populations

Effects of recent climate change have already been detected in many species, and, in particular, in insects. The present paper reviews the key impacts of global warming on insect development and dispersal. The effects of climate change appear to be much more complex than a simple linear response to an average increase in temperature. They can differ between seasons and bioclimatic regions. Earlier flight periods, enhanced winter survival and acceleration of development rates are the major insect responses. Differential response of insects and hosts to warming up might also lead to disruption of their phenological synchrony, but adaptive genetic processes are likely to quickly restore this synchrony. In a number of cases, warming results in removing or relocating the barriers that limit present species' ranges. It is also likely to facilitate the establishment and spread of invasive alien species. Finally, knowledge gaps are identified and future research interests are suggested.     

宁夏干旱区露地礼品西瓜适应性栽培性状的比较

对8个礼品西瓜品种的植物学性状、抗病性、产量及品质等性状进行了比较试验。结果表明:"黑美人"、"新金兰"不仅抗病、丰产,品质较好,而且产量均超过3 800kg/667m2,在宁夏干旱区露地栽培具备推广价值。     

旅游英语教学和实习中的秦皇岛本土文化推介

全国著名旅游城市秦皇岛有着悠久的历史和深厚丰富的本土文化底蕴,地处秦皇岛的高职院校大都开设旅游英语专业。但是在教师的教学中以及指导学生实习和实训过程中发现：学生在向中外游客宣传和推介秦皇岛的本土文化时困难重重,秦皇岛本土文化没能得到有效推介。分析了这种情况产生的原因,并提出了教学和实习改革对策。旨在使学生在涉外旅游中更好地输出秦皇岛本土文化,使高职教育更好地服务地区旅游经济发展。     

8种木兰科树种苗期在呈贡的适应性研究

从2004年至2009年在昆明市呈贡县进行了绒叶含笑、马关木莲、状丽含笑、香木莲、小果含笑、大果木莲、金花含笑、单性木兰8种木兰科树种的苗期适应性研究。5年多的育苗试验结果表明:单性木兰、金花含笑、大果木莲为该地区不适宜育苗用的木兰科树种。现存的5个木兰科树种苗木的保存率顺序是:绒叶含笑香木莲状丽含笑马关木莲小果含笑。适应性差或抗寒力弱的单性木兰等3个树种的苗木已在逐年的霜冻中被冻死。现存树种是苗期抗寒力较强的树种,其苗木的抗寒力的排序是:绒叶含笑马关木莲小果含笑状丽含笑香木莲。由于树种间苗木的抗寒力差异和生长差异,现存5个木兰科树种苗木的主要生长指标排序是:绒叶含笑马关木莲状丽含笑香木莲小果含笑。绒叶含笑与各树种间其苗木的苗高生长均具有极显著差异或显著差异,地径生长差异也较大;故绒叶含笑是昆明市园林、庭园绿化的一个首选树种,其次是马关木莲、状丽含笑。     

南昌市道路绿化树种调查分析与建议

通过对南昌市道路主要绿化树种种类、使用频率及长势进行调查,并对存在的问题进行分析与探讨,同时根据南昌市的实际情况,提出了几点建议和措施。     

Downstream drift of round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) and tubenose goby (Proterorhinus semilunaris) in their non‐native area

Several Ponto‐Caspian gobiid species have recently expanded their ranges in Europe and North America. This is the first study to demonstrate passive downstream dispersal (drift) of the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) and tubenose goby (Proterorhinus semilunaris) in newly colonised areas (River Dyje, Danube basin), a factor that could play an important role in their dispersal. Drift duration (i.e. number of dates on which the species was caught) in round goby was longer than that of both native species and tubenose goby, providing a possible advantage. Size of drifting fish was restricted to a narrow range of 6–8 mm and 5–8 mm for round and tubenose goby, respectively. Drift in both species occurred almost completely during hours of darkness (<1 lux) and fish size did not vary throughout the night. In both species, drift density increased significantly during the first hour after dusk. Round goby density gradually decreased up to dawn, while tubenose goby density varied throughout the night with no clear pattern. Drift of early life stages appears to be an important phenomenon that has not received adequate attention in studies of round and tubenose goby ecology and dispersal.     

几种杀螨剂对3种叶螨的毒力比较

作者于 1 996年对二斑叶螨 (TetranychusurticaeKoch)、朱砂叶螨 [T .cinnabarinus(Boisdural) ]和山楂叶螨 (T .viennensisZacher)进行了三氯杀螨醇、甲氰菊酯、哒螨酮、霸螨灵等 4种杀螨剂的毒力测定 ,并对 3种叶螨在LC50 和LC95水平上 ,比较了相互之间的毒力差别。结果表明 ,二斑叶螨的毒力最高 ,朱砂叶螨次之 ,山楂叶螨毒力最低。     

半荒漠地区灌木饲料林营造技术研究

本文对半荒漠地区灌木饲料林的树种选择、经营管理等问题进行了初步探讨，给出了花棒、杨柴、柠条、沙柳、毛条、毛柳、白沙蒿、油蒿８个半荒漠地区灌木饲料林树种的造林适宜立地类型、最适造林季节、最佳造林密度、最适收获期以及最佳平茬年龄。     

杆垫刃属新属和一个新种的描述(垫刃目:垫刃科)

杆垫刃属新属(Rhabdotylenchus n. gen.)以其尾粗短,尾后部透明部分呈杆状,尾端平截有一凹痕,以及第一体环明显宽于其他体环并且该环角质层显著加厚与唇和其后的体部形成缢缩而显著区别于垫刃亚科(Tylenchinae rley, 1880)的其它属,该新属与近似属Tylenchus Bastian,1865的区别,除了独特的尾形和第一体环外,还以唇区显著缢缩,阴门位置较后(V>70vsV=60～70),明显区别于该近似属。广东杆垫刃线虫新属新种(Rhabdotylenchus guangdongensis n. gen., n. sp.)发现于广东省深圳市郊区的苦瓜根际土中。